Chloroplast Osmotic Adjustment and Water Stress Effects on Photosynthesis

Osmotic adjustment by intact isolated chloroplasts in response to osmotic stress and its effect on photosynthesis and chloroplast volume.

Spinach leaf chloroplasts isolated in isotonic media (330 millimolar sorbitol, -1.0 megapascals osmotic potential) had optimum rates of photosynthesis when assayed at -1.0 megapascals. When chloroplasts were isolated in hypertonic media (720 millimolar sorbitol, -2.0 megapascals osmotic potential) the optimum osmotic potential for photosynthesis was shifted to -1.8 megapascals and the chloropla...

Stress Effects on Photosynthesis

Osmotic and Heat Stress Effects on Segmentation

During vertebrate embryonic development, early skin, muscle, and bone progenitor populations organize into segments known as somites. Defects in this conserved process of segmentation lead to skeletal and muscular deformities, such as congenital scoliosis, a curvature of the spine caused by vertebral defects. Environmental stresses such as hypoxia or heat shock produce segmentation defects, and...

Osmotic Adjustment and the Growth Response of Seven Vegetable Crops following Water-deficit Stress

Growth-chamber studies were conducted to examine the ability of seven vegetable crops-‘Blue Lake’ bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), ‘Detroit Dark Red’ beet (Beta vulgaris L.), ‘Burgundy’ okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (Moench), ‘Little Marvel’ pea (Pisum sativum L.), ‘California Wonder’ bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), ‘New Zealand’ spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), and ‘Beefsteak’ tomato (Lycopersico...

Effects of drought on osmotic adjustment, antioxidant enzymes and pigments in wild Achillea tinctoria populations

Drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting the survival and growth of plants in the different habitats of Iran. Detailed knowledge about the ecophysiological responses of native plants to drought stress could contribute to the success of breeding and re-vegetation programs. Six wild populations of Anthemis tinctoria, were assigned to four drought treatments, i.e. well...